PEMBERIAN DIET TINGGI ENERGI TINGGI PROTEIN DAN RENDAH LEMAK PADA PASIEN ANEMIA HEMOLITIK AUTOIMUN DENGAN KOMPLIKASI : SEBUAH LAPORAN KASUS
Keywords:
AIHA, Hemoglobin, Biokimia, Asupan Zat Gizi, Fisik/KlinisAbstract
Anemia Hemolitik Autoimun (AIHA) adalah kondisi di mana antibodi tubuh menyerang sel darah merah, menyebabkan hemolisis. Gejalanya berkisar dari yang asimtomatik hingga berat, termasuk jaundice, hepatosplenomegali, takikardia, dan angina. Pengelolaan gizi menjadi krusial dalam mengatasi kondisi ini. Sebuah studi kasus observasional dilakukan pada November 2023 di RS X, Jawa Timur, terhadap seorang pasien yang didiagnosis AIHA. Pasien ini menjalani perlakuan diet khusus selama satu bulan dengan pola makan yang tinggi energi, tinggi protein, dan rendah lemak. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui monitoring fisik rutin dan uji laboratorium untuk mengamati respons tubuh terhadap perubahan diet. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kondisi pasien sejak awal penerapan diet baru. Evaluasi laboratorium menunjukkan adanya perbaikan yang berkelanjutan dalam parameter biokimia yang terpantau. Meskipun terdapat tantangan dalam menjaga konsistensi asupan nutrisi karena kurangnya nafsu makan pada beberapa periode, perubahan positif dalam kondisi fisik pasien secara keseluruhan sangat terlihat. Perubahan jenis makanan dan cara pemberian yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan spesifik pasien berkontribusi pada pemulihan yang lebih baik. Pengelolaan nutrisi yang berfokus pada kebutuhan individu pasien AIHA mendorong kesimpulan bahwa pendekatan ini efektif dalam mendukung proses penyembuhan. Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya pengawasan yang ketat dan penyesuaian kontinu dalam manajemen diet untuk memaksimalkan hasil klinis pada pasien dengan AIHA. Dengan demikian, pendekatan ini tidak hanya menunjukkan manfaat dalam memperbaiki kondisi fisik dan biokimia, tetapi juga menggarisbawahi perlunya pendekatan yang personal dalam perawatan pasien dengan kondisi serupa, untuk memastikan pengelolaan yang optimal dan hasil yang lebih baik dalam jangka panjang.References
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