DIABETES MELITUS GESTASIONAL DAN KESEHATAN RONGGA MULUT IBU DAN ANAK: TINJAUAN LITERATUR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v5i1.25042Keywords:
diabetes,, gestasional, mikrobiota, periodontitisAbstract
Diabetes melitus gestasional (DMG) merupakan kondisi hiperglikemia spontan selama kehamilan, didiagnosis pada trimester kedua atau ketiga pada individu yang tidak menunjukkan tanda-tanda diabetes sebelum kehamilan. Sejumlah penelitian telah menemukan implikasi DMG terhadap kesehatan ibu dan anak, termasuk terhadap kesehatan rongga mulut. Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara komprehensif literatur-literatur yang mengevaluasi mengenai hubungan antara diabetes gestasional dan kesehatan rongga mulut ibu-anak, menyoroti aspek penting dari perawatan prenatal dan potensi dampak jangka panjang terhadap kesehatan rongga mulut. Kondisi hiperglikemia pada penderita DMG berkontribusi terhadap berbagai perubahan pada rongga mulut, seperti perubahan mikrobiota dan peningkatan risiko penyakit periodontal pada ibu maupun anak. Periodontitis juga dapat berkontribusi terhadap kondisi DMG, dimana translokasi bakteri periodontitis maupun faktor virulensinya ke sirkulasi sistemik dapat membebani kinerja sel imun inflamasi secara terus menerus sehingga meningkatkan pelepasan mediator proinflamasi dan vesikel ekstraseluler. Tinjauan ini menggaris bawahi perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengeksplorasi strategi pencegahan dan intervensi yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan ibu dan anak.References
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