ANALISIS FAKTOR RISIKO GANGGUAN MUSKULOSKELETAL PADA PEKERJA KANTOR: SEBUAH TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i2.15567Keywords:
Faktor Risiko, Gangguan Muskuloskeletal, Pekerja KantorAbstract
Gangguan muskuloskeletal atau Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) diderita oleh 1,71 miliar populasi seluruh manusia di dunia, umumnya ditandai dengan sakit yang menetap sehingga menyebabkan terbatasnya mobilitas, ketangkasan dan menurunnya fungsi otot rangka dalam bekerja (WHO, 2022). Pada tahun 2010, 45,9% pekerja di Uni Eropa melaporkan menderita nyeri punggung, 44,5% melaporkan menderita nyeri otot pada bahu, leher dan tungkai atas dan 33,8% melaporkan menderita nyeri otot pada tungkai bawah (Roquelaure, 2018). Di Indonesia, prevalensi penyakit sendi atau gangguan muskuloskeletal adalah sebesar 7,30%, berdasarkan data dari Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia dalam RISKESDAS 2018(KEMENKES-RI, 2018). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review dengan menggunakan kata kunci faktor risiko, gangguan muskuloskeletal, dan pekerja kantor melalui database elektronik. Berdasarkan jurnal atau artikel yang diperoleh, faktor risiko gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja kantor diantaranya yaitu postur kerja, jenis kelamin, umur, Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT), pengalaman kerja, aktivitas fisik / kebiasaan olahraga, kebiasaan merokok, masalah kesehatan / penyakit komorbid, jam kerja, waktu rehat, desain tempat / peralatan kerja dan stress kerja. Dari faktor-faktor ini dapat menjadi masukkan bagi perusahaan dalam merumuskan kebijakan atau prosedur serta dalam membuat program promotif dan preventif-nya untuk mengurangi angka kejadian gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja kantor.References
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