FAKTOR RISIKO TERKAIT STRES KERJA DI INDUSTRI KONSTRUKSI: TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i2.15135Keywords:
stres kerja, stressor, bahaya psikososial, occupational stressAbstract
Di industri konstruksi, stres kerja merupakan masalah kesehatan yang cukup serius. Stres kerja tidak hanya memberikan dampak negatif pada pekerja, namun juga pada perusahaan tempat mereka bekerja. Stres dapat memberikan efek negatif pada tubuh, mengganggu kerja sistem dalam tubuh, mempengaruhi kondisi mental, menyebabkan unsafe action, penurunan produktivitas, dan penurunan kepuasan kerja. Hal ini menuntut perhatian berbagai pihak untuk mengatasinya. Tinjauan literatur sistematis ini bertujuan untuk melihat secara sistematis kumpulan pengetahuan yang ada tentang faktor risiko terkait stres kerja (stresor) dalam proyek konstruksi. Artikel ini mengulas 18 artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2014-2023. Artikel dipilih dari berbagai jurnal terakreditasi. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi 30 stresor di industri konstruksi. 5 penyebab stres teratas adalah "beban kerja berlebih" (7 artikel), "jam kerja panjang" (6 artikel), "konflik pekerjaan-keluarga" (6 artikel), "kompensasi/ penghargaan tidak sesuai" (5 artikel), dan "konflik peran” (5 artikel). Berdasarkan model stres kerja Davidson dan Cooper (1981), 4 dari 5 stresor berasal dari arena kerja dan 1 stresor berasal dari arena rumah. Semua stresor tersebut dapat mempengaruhi munculnya stres secara langsung maupun tidak langsung. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada banyak faktor risiko terkait stres kerja di industri konstruksi. Faktor risiko tersebut dapat berasal dari dalam lingkungan kerja maupun dari luar lingkungan kerja. Untuk mengendalikan stres kerja secara efektif dan efisien, diperlukan informasi tentang faktor risiko terkait stres kerja dan kerjasama berbagai pihak.References
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