BIOMARKER TERKINI SEBAGAI ALAT DIAGNOSIS DAN PROGNOSIS GAGAL GINJAL AKUT PADA ANAK: SEBUAH REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i3.15121Keywords:
anak, biomarker terkini, diagnosis, penyakit ginjal akut, prognosisAbstract
Gagal ginjal akut atau acute kidney injury (AKI) merupakan sindrom klinis yang mengancam jiwa disebabkan oleh gangguan fungsi ginjal secara mendadak. Pada anak, prevalensi AKI mencapai 10-20% pada pasien anak yang dirawat di Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Sistem skoring yang sering dipakai adalah Pediatric Risk Injury Failure Loss End Stage (PRIFLE), Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN), dan Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Namun, penggunaan kadar kreatinin serum sebagai basis skoring tidak terlalu akurat untuk menggambarkan perubahan laju filtrasi glomerulus pada keadaan fungsi ginjal yang terus berubah, sehingga dibutuhkan biomarker yang lebih presisi untuk mendeteksi dini gagal ginjal akut. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui biomarker terkini untuk mendeteksi dan memprediksi prognosis AKI pada anak. Metode penelitian tinjauan literatur dari tiga database PubMed, DOAJ, dan Cochrane yang diterbitkan dalam rentang waktu 5 tahun terakhir yaitu dari 2018-2022. Terdapat 41 literatur melaporkan biomarker yang efektif untuk mendiagnosis AKI pada anak, seperti NGAL, IL-18, Cystatin C urin dan serum, uNAG, IGFBP-7 dan TIMP-2, KIM-1. Kadar uNGAL sangat dapat memprediksi AKI dengan interval kepercayaan 95% [(CI) 0,61-0,92]. Sensitivitas 72,7% dan spesifisitas 89,9%. Kesimpulan yaitu NGAL, IL-18, fosfat, Cystatin C urin dan serum, IGFBP-7 dan TIMP-2, KIM-1 serta uNAG dapat mendeteksi AKI lebih baik pada anak dengan penyakit kritis.References
Ataei, N., Ameli, S., Yousefifard, M., Oraei, A., Ataei, F., Bazargani, B., Abbasi, A., & Hosseini, M. (2018). Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Cystatin C in Early Detection of Pediatric Acute Kidney Injury; a Diagnostic Accuracy Study. Emergency. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=WOS:000428131600001&KeyUID=WOS:000428131600001
Benoit, S. W., Dixon, B. P., Goldstein, S. L., Bennett, M. R., Lane, A., Lounder, D. T., Rotz, S. J., Gloude, N. J., Lake, K. E., Litts, B., & Davies, S. M. (2019). A novel strategy for identifying early acute kidney injury in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplantation, 54(9), 1453–1461. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-018-0428-6
Bíró, E., Szegedi, I., Kiss, C., Oláh, A. V., Dockrell, M., Price, R. G., & Szabó, T. (2022). The role of urinary N-acetyl-?-D-glucosaminidase in early detection of acute kidney injury among pediatric patients with neoplastic disorders in a retrospective study. BMC Pediatrics, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-022-03416-w
Bojan, M., Pieroni, L., Semeraro, M., & Froissart, M. (2020). Cell-Cycle Arrest Biomarkers: Usefulness for Cardiac Surgery-Related Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates and Infants*. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, 21(6), 563–570. https://doi.org/10.1097/PCC.0000000000002270
Burra, V., Nagaraja, P. S., Singh, N. G., Prabhakar, V., & Manjunatha, N. (2018). Early prediction of acute kidney injury using serum phosphorus as a biomarker in pediatric cardiac surgical patients. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 21(4), 455–459. https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.ACA_14_18
Dobilien?, D., Masalskien?, J., Rudaitis, Š., Vitkauskien?, A., Pe?iulyt?, J., & K?valas, R. (2019). Early diagnosis and prognostic value of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Medicina (Lithuania), 55(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55080506
ElSadek, A. E., El gafar, E. A., Behiry, E. G., Nazem, S. A., & Abdel haie, O. M. (2020). Kidney injury molecule-1/creatinine as a urinary biomarker of acute kidney injury in critically ill neonates. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 16(5), 688.e1-688.e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.06.030
Fang, F., Hu, X., Dai, X., Wang, S., Bai, Z., Chen, J., Pan, J., Li, X., Wang, J., & Li, Y. (2018). Subclinical acute kidney injury is associated with adverse outcomes in critically ill neonates and children. Critical Care, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-018-2193-8
Hanson, H. R., Carlisle, M. A., Bensman, R. S., Byczkowski, T., Depinet, H., Terrell, T. C., Pitner, H., Knox, R., Goldstein, S. L., & Basu, R. K. (2021). Early prediction of pediatric acute kidney injury from the emergency department: A pilot study. American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 40, 138–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.01.046
Ishak, S. K. I., El Aguizy, F., Elsebaie, E. H., Youssef, M. R. L., Ismail, M. M., Abdelraouf, F. H., Abdel Ghaffar, H. A., & Riad, N. M. (2022). Role of urinary NGAL and microalbuminuria in the detection of subclinical acute kidney injury in pediatric intensive care unit and diabetic children. Pediatria Medica e Chirurgica, 44(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/pmc.2022.285
Kairupan, J. D., & Palar, S. (2020). Gangguan Ginjal Akut et Kausa Sepsis: Laporan Kasus. Medical Scope Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.2.1.2020.31670
Kari, J. A., Shalaby, M. A., Sofyani, K., Sanad, A. S., Ossra, A. F., Halabi, R. S., Aljuhani, M. H., Toffaha, W. M., Moria, F. A., Sabry, S., Ahmed, H. A. A., Alhasan, K. A., Sharief, S., & Safdar, O. (2018). Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and serum cystatin C measurements for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury in children admitted to PICU. World Journal of Pediatrics, 14(2), 134–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-017-0110-x
Mohey El-Gammasy, T., Mohamed Shinkar, D., Refaat Mohamed, N., & Rasmy Al-Halag, A. (2018). Serum cystatin C as an early predictor of acute kidney injury in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 111(suppl_1). https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcy200.164
Nautiyal, A., Sethi, S. K., Sharma, R., Raina, R., Tibrewal, A., Akole, R., Gupta, A., Bhan, A., & Bansal, S. B. (2022). Perioperative albuminuria and clinical model to predict acute kidney injury in paediatric cardiac surgery. Pediatric Nephrology, 37(4), 881–890. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-021-05219-0
Sun, Q., Kang, Z., Li, Z., & Xun, M. (2022). Urinary NGAL, IGFBP-7, and TIMP-2: novel biomarkers to predict contrast medium-induced acute kidney injury in children. Renal Failure, 44(1), 1201–1206. https://doi.org/10.1080/0886022X.2022.2075277
Tao, Y., Heskia, F., Zhang, M., Qin, R., Kang, B., Chen, L., Wu, F., Huang, J., Brengel-Pesce, K., Chen, H., Mo, X., Liang, J., Wang, W., & Xu, Z. (2022). Evaluation of acute kidney injury by urinary tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases-2 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 after pediatric cardiac surgery. Pediatric Nephrology, 37(11), 2743–2753. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-022-05477-6
Wang, S., Xiao, C., Liu, C., Li, J., Fang, F., Lu, X., Zhang, C., & Xu, F. (2020). Identification of Biomarkers of Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Patients Based on UPLC-QTOF/MS. Inflammation, 43(2), 629–640. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-019-01144-5
Yamazoe, T., Akagawa, S., Matsuno, R., Akagawa, Y., Yamanouchi, S., Omachi, T., Kimata, T., Tsuji, S., & Kaneko, K. (2021). Superiority of cystatin c over creatinine for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia/ lymphoblastic lymphoma. Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 254(3), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.254.163
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Jermanyah DD Khairari, Dirga Asna Ceria
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
