HUBUNGAN ANTARA NILAI NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX (NDVI) DENGAN INSIDENSI MALARIA: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIK DAN META-ANALISIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i2.15031Keywords:
Deforestasi, Malaria, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Plasmodium, Perubahan iklimAbstract
Malaria merupakan penyakit akut yang disebabkan oleh plasmodium. Pada tahun 2020 terdapat 59,5 kasus dari 1000 populasi berisiko. Mortalitas secara global menunjukan sebanyak 15,3 kematian akibat malaria dari 100.000 populasi berisiko. Kerusakan lingkungan dapat mengakitbatkan beberapa efek, salah satunya adalah perubahan dinamika dari vektor penyakit infeksi, salah satunya adalah nyamuk vektor dari malaria. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) merupakan nilai untuk menghitung rapatan vegetasi pada suatu daerah, yang digunakan untuk memprediksi kejadian malaria. Tujuan dari tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara NDVI dengan insiden dari malaria di dunia. Pencarian studi dilakukan di tiga basis data daring, yaitu Pubmed, Scopus, dan Embase hingga Agustus 2022. Luaran yang dicari adalah koefisien korelasi antara nilai NDVI dengan jumlah kasus malaria di suatu daerah. Dari pencarian tersebut, didapatkan 8 studi yang diinklusi untuk dianalisis lebih lanjut, dimana 4 studi bisa dilakukan meta-analisis. Hasil meta-analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai NDVI berkorelasi kuat terhadap insidensi malaria (r = 0.823, 95%CI = 0.253 to 0.969). Hal ini menunjukkan nilai NDVI berbanding terbalik dengan kasus malaria, yang mungkin terjadi akibat konversi lahan sehingga menimbulkan banyaknya genangan air yang ideal bagi siklus perkembangbiakan nyamuk.References
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