KESADARAN TENTANG COVID-19 DAN MASALAH YANG DIHADAPI OLEH PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS SELAMA PANDEMIK DI UPTD PUSKESMAS BINJAI ESTATE TAHUN 2022 : SEBUAH STUDI KUALITATIF
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i2.14607Keywords:
COVID-19, Pandemi, Pasien DMAbstract
Penderita Diabetes Melitus rentan mengalami gejala parah akibat COVID-19 karena sistem kekebalan tubuh mereka telah terganggu. Akibatnya, tubuh kesulitan melawan virus dan memiliki masa pemulihan yang lebih lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengalaman pasien DM dalam menjalani pengobatan selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui masalah yang dihadapi pasien DM dalam menjalani pengobatan selama masa pandemik COVID-19. Adapun Jenis penelitian yang dingunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, dengan metode pendekatan fenomenologi. Peneliian ini dilakukan selama 3 bulan dari bulan Desember 2022. Informan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 5 orang yang terdiri atas pasien penderita DM di UPTD Puskesmas Binjai Estate dengan pengambilan sampel secara kecukupan (adequacy). Adupun pengambilan data diperoleh melalui hasil wawancara langsung kepada 5 Informan yang sudah di tentukan. Dari data yang diperoleh dketahui bahwa pasien DM di UPTD Puskesmas Binjai estate tau betul sebab dan akibat yang ditimbulkan oleh virus COVID-19 khusunya kepada penderita DM. Namun Pasien DM di UPTD Puskesmas Binjai Estete termasuk pasien yang apatis dan ceroboh. Terlihat mereka semua informan pernah terjangkit virus COVID-19. Selain itu Masalah yang harus dihadapi pasien DM di UPTD Puskesmas Binjai Estete selama pandemi pada umumnya sama. Diantaranya : Susah bernafas karena harus menggunkan masker setiap keluar rumah dan berkontak fisik dengan orang lain, berobat harus menggunakan sistem homecare sehingga pengobatan semakin kurang teratur dikarenakan yang biasa control seminggu sekali, jadi sebulan hanya 2 kali.References
American Diabetes Association, 2018. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes 2018 M. Matthew C. Riddle, ed., Available at:https://diabetesed.net/wpcontent /uploads/2017/12/2018-ADA-Standards-of-Care.pdf.
American Diabetes Association, 2019. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes : Standards of medical care in Diabetes
Apin A. Panua, R. Z. (2021). Faktor Risiko Terjadinya COVID-19 Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 624-634.
Bouhanick B, Cracowski J-L, Faillie J-L. 2020. Diabetes and COVID-19. Therapies. 75(4): 327-33.
Cut Ana Martafari, J. (2021). HUBUNGAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN DIET TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE-II DI RSUD MEURAXA KOTA BANDA ACEH. Jurnal Sains Riset (JSR), 670-676.
Dewi Aliatun Nafiah, A. I. (2021). Health-Related Quality of Life Penderita Diabetes Melitus di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. HIGEIA JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 5(4), 556-568.
Decroli, E. 2019.Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2.Edisi I. Padang.Pusat Penerbitan Bagian Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas.diakses pada tanggal 11 Juni 2019.
Erener S. 2020. Diabetes, infection risk and COVID19. Mol Metab.;39:101044. Doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.101044
Erlina Burhan, d. (2022). PEDOMAN TATALAKSANA COVID-19 EDISI 4. Jakarta: Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia (PDPI).
Farha, MA at all. (2020). Impact of Diabetes in Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19. Frontiers In Immunology
Faswita, W. (2019). Gambaran Kualitas Hidup Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSUD Dr. RM Djoelham Kota Binjai Tahun 2019. Jurnal Online Keperawatan Indonesia. 2(1):131-138.
Garcés Villalá, Miguel Angel, José Andrés Nollen, Sergio David Rico, Gustavo Aníbal Cortez Quiroga, JOSE LUIS CALVO GUIRADO, and GABRIEL OSVALDO AUBONE DE LOS RIOS. (2020). COVID 19, Pathophysiology and Prospects for Early Detection in Patients with Mild Symptoms of The Controversial Virus in Underdeveloped Countries. Journal of Health Science and Prevention. 4(2):91–98.
Gupta, Rites & Misra, Anoop. (2020). Clinical Considerations In Patiens With diabetes during Times of COVID-19: An Update Lifestyle Factors And Antihyperglycemic Druds With Focus on India. Elsevier Ltd : Clinical & Review. !4. 1777-1781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.09.009
Handayani, Rahmaya & Prayitno, Edi. (2021). Kajian Nilai Hematologi Seluler Pasien Yang Terkonfirmasi COVID-19 Virus Disease COVID-19. Prosiding SainTeKes Semnas MipaKes Umri. Vol(2).212-221
He, Y., Li, T., Zhang, L., Li, R., Chen, Z., Ruan, Y., Su, W., & Li, J. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 Epidemic on Tuberculosis Reports Among Students — Guizhou Province , China, 2020. 4(10), 1–4
Hermawati, Etriyanti. (2020). Upaya Pencegahan Dini Terhadap Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Jurnal Abdi Mas Saintika. Vol 2(2), 43-46
Hasnabila Esti Ardiani, d. (2021). Obesitas, Pola Diet, dan Aktifitas Fisik dalam Penanganan Diabetes Melitus pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19. urnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/MJNF, 1-12.
Hussain A, Bhowmik B, do Vale Moreira NC. 2020. COVID-19 and diabetes: knowledge in progress. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 162:10814
Ida Rahmawati, E. L. (2020). Hubungan Diet dan Olahraga dengan Kestabilan Gula Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus yang Berobat di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD Dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu. Jurnal Kesehatan dr. Soebandi, 7(1), 1-8.
[IDF] International Diabetes Federation. (2019). IDF Diabetes Atlas - 2019. In International Diabetes Federation. https://doi.org/10.1289/image.ehp.v119. i03
[IDF] International Diabetes Federation. (2020). About Diabetes. Retrieved from https://www.idf.org/aboutdiabetes /what-is-diabetes.html
Istyanto, F. and Maghfiroh, A. (2021). Peran Mikronutrisi Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan COVID-19. Jurnal Ilmiah Permas: Jurnal Ilmiah STIKES Kendal 11(4), pp. 5–6.
Joice Bolu, P. S. and Ali Sodik, M. (2021). Bahaya Penderita Diabetes Melitus Terpapar COVID-19 Pada Masa Pandemi Sekarang. (37).
Kangdra, W. Y. (2021). Karakteristik Klinis dan Faktor Komorbid pada Pasien Dalam Pengawasan (PDP) COVID-19virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) di RS Mitra Medika Amplas. Proposal. Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Kumar, Ashish et al. 2020. Is Diabetes MelitusAssociated with Mortality and Saverity of COVID-19? A meta-Analysis. Cliniicical Research & Reviews 14. 535-545. www.elsevier.com/locate/dsx
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2017). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2016. Jakarta
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2020. Begini Alur Pelayanan Pasien COVID-19. Jakarta. https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/print/20101700001/begini-alur-pelayanan-pasien-COVID-19.html
Kemenkes RI. 2020. Pedoman Pencegahan dan Pengendalian COVID-19virus Disease COVID-19 Revisi 5. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kemenkes RIa. 2020. Infodatin. Tetap Produktif, Cegah, dan Atasi Diabetes Melitus. Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Kumar A, Arora A, Sharma P, Anikhindi SA, Bansal N, Singla V, et al. 2020. Is diabetes mellitus associated with mortality and severity of COVID-19? A metaanalysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev. 14(4):535-45.
Lasmadasari, N. and Sulastri, W. 2021. Evaluasi Perilaku Self Care Melalui Asuhan Keperawatan Berbasis Home Care Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dimasa Pandemi. Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah Bengkulu, 9(1), pp. 56–62. doi: 10.36085/jkmb.v9i1.1530.
Lestari, Nining & Ichsan, Burhannudin. 2021. Diabetes Melitus Sebagai Faktor Risiko Keparahan Dan Kematian Pasien COVID-19: Meta-Analisis. Biomedika. 13(1). 83-94
Long, Y. et al. 2020. Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks against influenza: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine. doi: 10.1111/jebm.12381.
Mekarisce, A. A. 2020. Teknik Pemeriksaan Keabsahan Data pada Penelitian Kualitatif di Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat. JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT?: Media Komunikasi Komunitas Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(3). pp. 145–151. doi: 10.52022/jikm.v12i3.102.
McGurnaghan, S. J. 2021. Risks of and Risk Factors for COVID-19 Disease in People With Diabetes: A Cohort Study of the Total Population of Scotland. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol,, 9(2), 82-93.
Nasution, Nurul H, et al. 2021. Gambaran Kesadaran Masyarakat Tentang Pencegahan COVID-19 Di Kecamatan Padangsidempuan Batunadua, Kota Padangsidempuan. Jurnal Kesehatan Ilmiah Indonesia. 6(1), 107-114
Nugroho, S. 2012. Pencegahan dan Pengendalian DM melalui Olahraga. MEDIKORA, IX(1).
Nurhadi, L. Z. 2020. Pengaruh Pandemi COVID-19 Terhadap Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik Pada Masyarakat Komplek Pratama, Kelurahan Medan Tembung. Jurnal Health Sains, 1(5), 294-298.
Pal R, Bhadada SK. 2020. COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus: An unholy interaction of two pandemics. Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev.14(4):513-7.
Offeddu, V. et al. 2017. Effectiveness of Masks and Respirators Against Respiratory Infections in Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, Clinical Infectious. Diseases. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix681
Ojo, Omorigieva et al. 2022. The Effects of COVID-19.Lockdown on Glycaemic Control and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal Of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19(7). 1-19
Onder et al. 2020. Case-Fatality Rate and Characteristics of Patients Dying in Relation to COVID-19 in Italy. 2019, 2019–2020. https://doi.org/10.1001 /jama.2020.4683
P, D. 2017. Hubungan Pola Makan dan Aktifitas Fisik Terhadap Kejadian Diabetes Melitus di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD dr . Rasidin Padang. NERS Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(2), 70-77.
Pal, R. et al. 2020. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel COVID-19virus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect , the company ’ s public news and information ’, (January).
Parafrase Idah Wahidah et.al. 2020. Pandemik COVID-19: Analisis Perencanaan Pemerintah dan Masyarakat dalam Berbagai Upaya Pencegahan, Jurnal Manajemen dan Organisasi (JMO), Vol. 11 No. 3.
(PDPI), P. D. P. I. 2020. pneumonia COVID-19 Diagnosis & Penatalaksanaan Di Indonesia. Perhimpunan Dokter Paru Indonesia.
Pinedo-Torres, I., Flores-Fernández, M., Yovera-Aldana, M., Gutierrez-Ortiz, C., Zegarra-Lizana, P., Intimayta-Escalante, C., Moran-Mariños, C., Alva-Diaz, C., and Pacheco-Barrios, K. 2020. Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Unfavorable Outcomes in Patients With Acute Respiratory Syndromes Due to COVID-19viruses Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes. 13.117955142096249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1179551420962495
Radonovich LJ, Simberkoff MS, Bessesen MT, Brown AC, Cummings DAT, Gaydos CA, et al. 2019. N95 respirators vs medical masks for preventing influenza amon
Rajpal, A., Rahimi, L., and Ismail-Beigi, F. 2020. Factors Leading to High Morbidity and Mortality of COVID ?19 in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes . J Diabetes. https://doi.org/10.1111/1753-0407.13085
Riedel S, Hobden JA, Miller S, Morse SA, Mietzner TA, Detrick B, et al. (2019). Jawetz, Melnick & Adelberg’s medical microbiology. 28th ed. New York: Mc Graw Hill Education.
Ririn Noviyanti Putri. 2020. “Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19”, Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 20(2).
Rizqi Wahyu Hidayati, d. 2021. Gangguan Psikologis pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Di Masa Pandemi COVID-19 Dusun Kanoman, Pleret, Bantul. Journal of Innovation in Community Empowerment (JICE), 3(2), 73-77.
Rohmawati, R. et al. 2021. Menjaga Gula Darah Penderita Diabetes Melitus Melalui Spiritual. (DM), pp. 478–483.
Sanche, Steven et al. 2020. High Contagiousness and Rapid Spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome COVID-19virus 2. Emerging Infectious Diseases. 26(7).1470-1477
Sami, Wakas., et al. 2020. Dietary Attitude of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. medicina Journal. 56(8): 9
Shobri, A., & Rahma, H. 2021. Laporan Kasus: Kejadian Hipoglikemia pada Pasien COVID-19 dengan Komorbid Diabetes Melitus selama Menjalani Isolasi Mandiri. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Keperawatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta 2021. 19-27
Singh AK, Gupta R, Ghosh A, Misra A. 2020. Diabetes in COVID-19: Prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations. DiabetesMetab Syndr Clin Res Rev.4(4):303-10.
Susilo, Adityo C., et al. 2020. COVID-19virus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia. Vol.7 No.1 Maret 2020.
Suprapto. 2018. EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN LAYANAN HOMECARE DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN PADA PUSKESMAS BAROMBONG KOTA MAKASSAR. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada, 6(1), 1375-1377.
Tadic M, Cuspidi C, Sala C.2020. COVID-19 and diabetes: Is there enough evidence? Jurnal Clin Hypertens. ;22: 943-8.
Tandra, H. 2017. Segala sesuatu yang harus anda ketahui tentang Diabetes. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Utami, d. J. 2022. Risiko Diabetes Mellitus Pasca COVID-19. Retrieved from Alomedika Khusus Untuk Dokter: https://www.alomedika.com/risiko-diabetes-mellitus-pasca-covid19
Wang, J. Zhou, M. Liu, F. 2020. Exploring the reasons for healthcare workers infected with novel COVID-19virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China. J Hosp Infect. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.03.002.
WHO. 2016. Global Report On Diabetes. France: World Health Organization.
WHO. 2020. COVID-19virus Disease 2019. COVID-19virus Disease (COVID-19)SituationReport,8(6),e01218.https://doi.org/10.1213/xaa.0000000000001218
WHO 2020. State of the world's nursing 2020: investing in education, jobs and leadership. WHO. (2020). Tatalaksana klinis infeksi saluran pernapasan akut berat (SARI) suspek penyakit COVID-19. https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/searo /indonesia/covid19/tatalaksana-klinis-suspek-penyakit-covid935867f18642845f1a1 b 8fa0a0081efcb.pdf?sfvrsn=abae3a22_2
WHO. 2022. Diabetes. https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes#tab=tab_1
Zhang, H. Penninger, JM. Li, Y. Zhong, N. Slutsky, AS. 2020. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target. Intensive Care Med. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-020-05985-9
Zhang J, G. (2021). Diabetes and COVID-19. Open Life Sciences, 16(1), 297-302.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Margaretha Febrina Br Ginting, Eka Lolita Eliyanti Pakpahan, Margaretha Febrina Ginting, Perry Boy Chandra Siahaan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
