HUBUNGAN KONSENTRASI PROTEIN MUCIN SALIVA RONGGA MULUT DENGAN PENYAKIT XEROSTOMIA PADA GERIATRI: LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i2.14373Keywords:
geriatric, protein mucin, rongga mulut,, saliva, xerostomia.Abstract
Kondisi penurunan saliva sering terjadi pada usia lanjut. Mucin merupakan komponen penting saliva yang melapisi mukosa mulut dan saliva dapat menjadi kental. Perubahan struktural pada komposisi saliva ditemukan pada pasien dengan xerostomia. Mucin yang tidak teregulasi dengan baik mengakibatkan penurunan fungsi mucin dalam mempertahankan jumlah kandungan air saliva sehingga menyebabkan penurunan kesehatan dari host (inang). Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan tentang konsentrasi mucin saliva dengan xerostomia pada geriatri. Artikel dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan database Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, Researchgate, Sciencedirect, serta database lainnya. Kriteria inklusi yang dipilih adalah konsentrasi protein mucin, xerostomia, subjek geriatri, randomized clinical trials, studi kohort, laporan kasus, tinjauan sistematis, meta-analisis, atau penelitian dengan validitas tinggi. Kriteria eksklusi yang dipilih adalah usia muda, penyakit sistemik, dan bukan studi yang relevan pada abstrak dan topik yang akan dibahas. Pada geriatri, terjadi penurunan sekresi saliva akibat terjadinya atrofi dan hilangnya parenkim kelenjar saliva sehingga digantikan oleh jaringan ikat dan lemak. Atrofi pada kelenjar saliva diakibatkan oleh penurunan proliferasi sel kelenjar saliva mayor dan minor. Penurunan sekresi saliva menyebabkan berkurangnya kandungan protein dan bikarbonat, termasuk mucin. Kandungan bikarbonat yang berkurang menyebabkan pH saliva menurun. Penurunan pH dan protein yang rusak menyebabkan peningkatan viskositas saliva. Pada geriatri, turunnya sekresi saliva disertai dengan peningkatan viskositas saliva dapat menyebabkan resiko terjadinya xerostomia. Diperlukan studi lanjutan berbasis fakta, seperti studi penelitian, atau studi lainnya yang lebih relevan dan aktual agar mendapatkan unsur kebaruan sebagai penunjang studi berikutnya.References
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